Common scientific terms

English Meaning Maori
Amino Acid Unit molecule from which proteins are constructed by polymerization. Waikawa Poroutini
ATP "adenosine triphosphate". A relatively stable, high energy molecule used to fuel chemical reactions within cells. Pungao Rupoi Ngota
Biochemistry The study of those molecules used and manufactured by living things Matu Omataora
Carbohydrates Class of biochemical compounds which includes sugars, starch, chitin, and steroids. Huinga Whakatupu
Cell Fundamental structural unit of all life. Iho
Cellulose Carbohydrate polymer of the simple sugar glucose. Huka Otaota
Chlorophyll The green-colored pigment that absorbs light during photosynthesis, often found in plants, algae, and some bacteria. Kano Kariki
Chromosome Linear piece of eukaryotic DNA, often bound by specialized proteins known as histones. Puira
Clone An identical copy of an organism. Turua
Control Group Part of an experiment treated "normally". Used to compare experimental results. Ropu Whakahaere
Direct Observation An observation made on something you can see or measure "firsthand". Ata Mutakitaki
DNA "deoxyribonucleic acid". The nucleic acid which carries the genetic code of an organism. It is the primary component of chromosomes. Pu Tau Ira
Embryo Once a zygote begins to undergo cellular divisions, it becomes an embryo. Hua Ira
Eukaryote An organism whose cells have cytoskeletons for support and their DNA contained in a nucleus, separated from the other contents of the cell. Anga Puareare
Experiment Used to test a hypothesis Whakamutau
Experimental Group "Guinea pigs". The real test group in an experiment. Ropu Whakamutau
Fertilisation The process by which an egg is made capable of generating offspring. Whakahaumako
Germination The process by which a seedling emerges and develops from a seed, or by which a sporeling emerges and develops from a spore. Whakato Hua
Glucose Simple sugar, and the primary product of photosynthesis. It is polymerized to make cellulose and chitin. Huka Taketake
Hypothesis Untested idea, an educated guess. Huatau
Indirect Observation Observation about something you can't see or measure "firsthand". You must observe how other things are affected. Mutakitaki Tawhiti
Inference A conclusion or explanation based on observations made about something. Whakapae
Law Idea in science proven correct repeatedly without exception. Ture
Lipids A class of biochemical compounds which includes fats, oils, and waxes. Huinga Matu Hinu
Meiosis A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms. Whuiti Puira
Nucleotide Unit from which nucleic acids are constructed by polymerization. Waihanga Karihi
Observation Something noted in an experiment or noticed about the world around you. Mutakitaki
Photosynthesis Biochemical process in which light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll, and is used to fuel the building of sugar molecules. Ahotakakame
Polymer A large molecule constructed from many smaller identical units. These include proteins, nucleic acids, and starches. Waerau
Procedure Something done in an experiment Tikanga
Prokayotic Literally "before the nucleus", the term applies to all bacteria and archaea. Huakita
Protein Class of biochemical compounds constructed from amino acids. Pumua
Reproduction The manufacture of offspring as part of an organism's life cycle Onioni
RNA "ribonucleic acid". The nucleic acid which carries the DNA message into parts of the cell where it is interpreted and used Waikawa Pu Tau Ira
Science Search for the true nature of the world and how it works based on our observations of it Putaiao
Scientific Method Steps often used in solving problems in science. This can be helpful in solving any problem Ara Putaiao
Seed A structure produced by seed plants which encapsulates the embryo Kukano
Starch A complex polymer of glucose, used by plants and green algae to store surplus sugar for later use Tuhi
Sugar Any of several small carbohydrates, such as glucose, which are "sweet" to the taste Huka
Theory Idea in science with at least some evidence or observations supporting it, useful in making predictions Whakaaro
Zygote The product of gamete fusion Huanga

 

Contact caroline.lucas@agresearch.co.nz if you know of other scientific terms (and their translation) which could be added to this list.